Field Task Proposal/Agreement, Subject: Marshall Islands Radiological Safety Program

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C3nt in u ing Open Associated Universities, Inc. U.S. DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY 13. CONTRACTOR TASK MANAGER fNam8: Lat, First, MI) (FTS No.) 14. PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATORS (Name: Last, First, MI1 15. WORK LOCATION (See instnrcrions): Nuno of Ibcilirv, City, Scare, Zip Code 17. Does this task include16. Is this task included in the any management Program activities in the coming fiscal year will emphasize the following : a. In vivo counting and urine bio as say of Rong e lap and Uti rik residents to determine dose commitments from en v iron nen tally - derived radio nucl dies at these atolls, and to better understand excretion kinetics among the l far shall ese. radio nuclide body burden associated with -1 year of residence on Enewetak Atoll. sident s of Bikini Atoll. Sort hsr n ; far shall Islands residents, and of transuranic s and fission and activation products anong X ars halles e control groups who reside outside of the fallout area. b. Followup personnel monitoring at Enewetak to evaluate any change in c.h final determination of radio nuclide body burdens among the former red. Continuation of analyses of transuranic nuclide excretion rates among 19. CONTRACTOR TASK MANAGER 20. DETAIL ATTACHMENTS: rnsrrucrionr) Routionships to other projects

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TASK REQUIREMENTS FOR OPERATING/EQUIPMENT ?ASK.NO. REV. NO. DATE PREPAREDWORK PACKAGE NUMBER 21. STAFFING (in rraff y a m ) FY 1980 Fy 1981 - BY-1 22. OBLIGATIONS AND COSTS Connrni BY dollars

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P far shall Islands Radiological S afp ty Prop ram (- Associated Universities, Inc. DATE PREPAREDBUDGET A N D REPORTING CODE It is anticipated that work for this proposal will use existing Laboratory facilities and site utility services. Greenhouse, N.A., Nil ten berger, R.P., Lessard, E.T. External Exposure 3leasurernents at Bikini Atoll, BNL 51003, January 1979. Greenhouse, N.A. Dos ime try Net hods and Results for the Former Residents of Bikini Atoll, BNL 26797, November 1979. Pli lten berger, R.P., Greenhouse, N.A., Lessard, E.T. Whole Body Counting Results for Inhabitants of the Northern Pi ars hall Islands : 1974-1978, Health Xi lten berger, R.P., Lessard, E.T., Greenhouse, N.A. Dietary Radioactivity In take from Sio as say Data : A ?lode1 Applied to I3’Cs In take by Bikini Island The primary purpose of this program is to measure and evaluate the internal and external doses to people living on those islands in the I lars halls group which were impacted by tropospheric fallout from United States atmospheric nuclear tests in the Pacific. Its objectives are: a. Director indirect measurement of radio nuclide body burdens and resultant doses and dose commitments. b. Measurement of external radiation environments and their contributions to the total doses to individuals and island populations. c. Evaluation of dietary habits and living patterns insofar as they relate to the elucidation of exposure pathways and the determination of doses. This program was initiated in1974at the request of the XEC (DOS)in anti - ci pati on of potential radiation exposures,to the returning Bikini population. Internal and external doses will bet measured and eva lute d using accepted and u p - t o - date health physics practices.

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! far shall Islands Radiological BUDGET A N D REPORTING CODE DATE PREPARED CODE W P NUMBER TASK NO. REV. NO. Dietary and living pattern information will be derived from direct ob serva - tions of island residents, and from standardized interviews with island residents during programmatic field trips. Fiscal control will be exercised in the form of monthly comparisons,over the task term, of actual costs incurred against corresponding line items of the budget. Technical results shall be monitored through a periodic review, by the Contractor Task lla nager, of accomplishments by measuring actual performance as compared t o expec ted progress.All work shall be conducted in conformance with generally acc ep ted standards for R&D and other investigative or analytic procedures, as observed by universities and large independent research facilities including Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL). External and internal dose equivalents received during residency on Bikini Island and internal dose equivalents to be received post residency were evaluated for former Bikini residents.Bio as say results from samples collected in January and Fia 1979 and prior bio as say results were used to construct individual 90Sr-98Y body burden histories. Whole body counting results during 1979 and results obtained in prior years were used to establish137Cs - 137mBa i n - divi dual body burden histories.Daily activity ingestion rates were calculated from the body burden data. Uptake regimes which best fit the activity ingestion rate data were; constant continuous uptake for 90Sr and stepwise increasing uptake for137Cs.Dos i metric models which described the uptake scenario were derived and individual dos i metric results for persons residing on Bikini Island sometime during the years 1969 and 1978 were determined.In addition,doses due t o residual radioactivity in persons after departure from Bikini were calculated. Indivi dual body burdens,urine activity concentrations and dose equivalents have been recorded or stored in a computer database.Publications and reports describing dos i metric methods and results, whole body counting results and biological removal rate constants € or Bikini an s have been written. Routine personnel monitoring was provided for Rong e lap and Uti rik residents. h statistical analysis was performed to determine the minimum sample size needed t o establish the mean 137Cs body burden at the 90% confidence level. Hale and female adult,adolescent and child categories were counted at each atoll and many persons who participated in prior whole body counting visits were recounted.In addition,urine bio as say samples were collected from adult and adolescent population groups. Body burden histories and dos i metric results have been completed for half the resident populations for years following re habitation of the atolls.

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S lars hall Islands Radiological Associated Universities, Inc. IIII 2Of. Technical Progress cont. BUDGET A N D REPORTING CODE DATE PREPARED Data collection on types and amounts of food consumed by the Marshallese was done by actually living with them. Simultaneous observations on their living pat - terns were also made. These studies were part of the Northern P lars halles e Islands Baseline radio nuclide body burdens will be evaluated for the returning Enewetak population.Evaluation of the post residence decline of body burdens among former Bikini residents will continue. The database on dietary habits and living patterns will be updated for all relevant atolls and / or islands. Personnel monitoring and related demographic assessment activities will contin u eat Rongelap, Uti rik, Enewetak and other areas of interest to DOE. fl on it or - ing of former Bikini residents will be phased out unless circumstances dictate Expected Progress in BY (FY 1982). Personnel monitoring and related demographic assessment activities will contin ue in all areas of interest in the Marshall Islands. X running account will be maintained of individual and population dos i metric information for the residents of islands affected by the Pacific Testing Programs. . These data will provide an empirical basis for in proving the accuracy and value of long - range predictive dose assessments from man-made radio nuclides in the en v iron - This program operates and interacts directly with the Brookhaven !ledical Program in the I lars ' n all Islands, and provides contempory data to be factored into the Xe tro spec ti ve Dose Reassessments for Rongelap and Uti rik (and other islands af - fec ted by weapons test fallout).It also provides empirical bases for upgrading long range predictive dose modelling activites such as those of the Lawrence Livermore Laboratory.Coordination of this program with related programs within DOE and its contractors will be accomplished through timely exchange of program findings and related information. Work done under this task proposal has either no e qv iron mental impactor has impacts similar to those described in and covered by BNL's Environmental Impact