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1.00000
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Machine-read from the scan, so expect some errors. Lines that couldn’t be read are left out.
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TEAPOT SERIES FACT SHEET 1 LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS. .................. 20 LIST OF TABLES .......................21 LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS ............ 24 1 INTRODUCTION TO OPERATION TEAPOT 1.1 International and Domestic Conditions 1.2The Nevada Test Site.............. .1.3 Summary of Operation TEAPOT Events... .1 .4Department of Defense Participants Influencing Operation TEAPOT ........... 2RESPONSIBILITIES OF THE ADMINISTRATIVE ORGANIZATIONS DURING OPERATION TEAPOT 2.1 The Joint Test Organization............ 2.2 The Organization of Exercise Desert Rock VI.... 3 EXERCISE DESERT ROCK V I PROGRAMS AT OPERATION TEAPOT 54 3.1 Troop Orientation and In doc tri rfa tion Program at Exercise Desert Rock VI............ 58 3.2 Troop Test Program at Exercise Desert Rock VI. . 63 3.3Technical Service Program at Exercise Desert 4 DEPARTMENT.OF DEFENSb PARTICIPATION IN JOINT TEST ORGANIZATION PROGRAMS AT OPERATION TEAPOT 78 4.1.1 Program 1: Blast 'Pressure Measurements. . 8 2 4.1.2 Program 2 : Nuclear Radiation Effects.... 88 4.1.3 Program 3: Effects on Equipment 4.1.4 Program 5: Aircraft Structures....... 103 and Tests of Service Equipment....... 106 4.1.6 Frog ram8 : Thermal Radiation Effects.... 109 4.1.5 Program 6 : Electromagnetic Effects
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gammaS II ~ VPV meters near the cont amin at pd surfaces to determine and their readings were compared.After the initial surface contamination studies,Pro,iect 2.8a personnel evaluated the decay ofrad5o act iv it von the aircraft in two wav s.Aircraft were re sur ve v pdp pr iodic all v over the next two dav s to RSS PSS the ratt3 of dpcav,and pro,i ect participants attached film to cont amin R ted areas of the aircraft with masking tape to assess the acc u mula - tion of radiation exposure.The film was removed for analysis within 24 hours after the detonation, The last phase of Project 2.8a was a study of pro,iect personnel involved in making the film surveys described above. Some participants placed film over the hands and fingers of their gloves while the v performed the radiation survey work. The film was then removed,developed, and evaluated to assess accumulated dose to ground - crews working on contaminated aircraft.Another technique was to have the pro,ject personnel rub the base of their hands over the surface of an aircraft with known contamination. An auto radio graph of.the hand was then made by placing the hand ona large x - rav film packet for a period of time and then developing the film to observe the image created.In this wav, changes in the contamination patterns of aircraft and rel.ative amounts of contamination transferred to the hand could be measured.While conducting these studies,none of the survey team exceeded the AFSWC maximum permissible exposure of 3.9 roentgens for ground crew personnel(80). Pro,ject 2,Pb, Manned Penetration of Atomic Clouds, was a stud v to measure the radiation dose rate and dose received by air crews fl ving near and into the nuclear cloud. As indicated above,the same aircraft mav have been used as for Project 2.8a. Specific information was sought b v the AirForce on radiation dose rates inside the cloud,the total dose received during
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passage through the cloud, and the dose repeived on the return flight. In addition, itis likelv that lead vpsts w ~ r ~also tested for their effectiveness in shielding the crew against radiation; Seven aircraft penetrations were made through the nuclear cloiids of five detonations, which ranged in yield from A l l instrumentation was prepared and checked for proper operation on the dav before each shot. Typicallv, t w o automatic recording dose-rate meters were used in each aircraft. One was mounted in the nose compartment, and the other in the rear of the cockpit. A non-recording meter for use by the pilot was also installed in each aircraft. In addition to the dose-rate meters, a number of film devices were used. National Bureau of Standards film packets were placed in the cockpit and nose of each aircraft near the recording dose rate meter to determine accumulated radiation dose at the recorders during the mission. The pilot of each aircraft was accompanied by a technical observer in all aircraft but the F-84, which had a maximum crew of one. Pilots and technical observers wore film badges issued bv the Radiation Safety Division of the AFSWC 4926th Test Squadron. The pilot and technical observer also carried a number of small pieces of Dupont dental x-rav film. O n e special film pack was designed to measure internal bodv radiation dosage. This f i l m packet consisted of nine small disks of film enclosed in 8 watertight capsule attached to a string. The capsule containing the,film was swallowed by the technical observer and the pilot prior to take-off and retrieved after the flight was completed. A similar capsule containing film was attached to the outside of the pilot's flight suit near his stomach. The pilot and the technical observer wore lead vests to reduce radiation exposure to the bodv ( 4 6 ; 112; 284; 306).
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Tv pic all v,the aircraft left Indian Springs AFB before shot - time,climbed to an altitude of about40,000feet, and flew to a position ah out 48 kilometers east of the ground zero to observe the detonation and the subsequent development of the nuclear cloud.The aircraft then flew b v the cloud to estimate the time required t of lv through the most dense section of the cloud.The aircraft then flew through the cloud.The technical observer, who had a stopwatch,recorded the time of entr v into and exit recording meter was also used to measure time in the cloud. After emerging from the cloud,the aircraft returned immediate lv $ to Indian Springs AFR, and the crew and instruments were removed from the aircraft.Crewmembers left the aircraft by climbing on to a forklift,which lowered them to the ground.They were then decontaminated.A description of these procedures is found in section 5.3 of this volume(46 ; 80; 306). For these missions,the Test Manager authorized a special exemption to the radiation exposure limit for four Project2.8b total of 15 roentgens wholeAbody gamma radiation during part ici - pati on in the pro.ject (285). Each officer was author i z\ d to receive a 4.1.3 Program 3: Effects on Equipment and Structures The purpose of Program3 was to document blast and shock effects of nuclear detonations on vehicles and buildings. nine pro,iects conducted under Program 3during TEAPOT were considerably reduced from the extensive testing conducted during UPSHOT-KNOTHOLE, and focused on assessing the des tri ict ive character is tics of the precursor zone of the blast wave.The program included tests on vehicles placed near ground zero and ona variety of concrete and steel structures,including l'*i(?-g round shelters.The data from these pro.iects were used to assess the damage potential of nuclear detonations on large,fixed targets and rigid structures.