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knparative Effects of Bs: IWJltmns a d X-rays on Bload Program for CmDing lionth Raport by L. A. Fardue, Group Leaaer 1. Fast Neutron Keter
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111. Biological Section - H3.Curtis, Soctlort Qiief 27 1. Ganma, fast 11 and slow il effect 0 1 ~Sabilitcs m d UCF: 2. Coat-inwus e qo sure for 72, hours aruly 3. Continuous eqoaure for 8 hours daily plus daily amte exymure of 5 r given in one hour 11. Fmjectcd Studies far the nest two mnths
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*Pie Btological Research Sec tim is ooontinuing to build up bsckgound oi! the effec?;s a t radiatmns and to Gevelop procedtrres far chemfaal separations a d COT animal. expsrimsnts against $lie d q &,en F.P. w e avtxilable in quaatity, A i-epcwt i s presmted on the pre scn ~status of the blood chmgca fallowing x-ray and a expsuree. Experiments OD the dtff'usion of Xe fron Xpg indicate that the release during bonbamhent at Clinton should be nore "Jan 25 percent of tho requlraents, previously had baen reprted an in propees has been terminated. trzs kept for 43 dws in an Xe atamsphere. the begimiog and decapd awn to GI 2 The Xe concentration iras 280 -'C / l i at Thus the bottle crhe *-: radiation dose to the rmlls of one of the lsrge bronchi mis = aergy required to
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W 8 C a r 3 c a trap (30th in cO2 - ethc,r) has been tested a d found adequate for recovering Xe fram exposure chmbers. Prodaction. Some tine has been s p a t in carrying out experimeatr; OD packing X98 into the pile and the difftlsian of );e out of X98. it will be feasible to prepare Xe at Clinton passing air tbru to waoh out the Xe. This is being done to detenr,ine whether or not Our oxpwimental set-up -ai3 as icdicatad in Fig. la. 20 ga of X3G8 . v%& had received a neutron b bard msn t at. the cyclotron (lOO/.iA hours mth p o d geometry) was plsced in ia5e A il?h_ich ::AS then evacuated down to an &ir the gzs in B was @ l e d into t h e Tcepler pimp C and trmsferrsd to the 'chin mica vrindow gas holder D. tube. Tnis VAS then countea with .m end-on nica window muter A t the Pad of the experiment, the Xo rcmaining in the X ~ BTELB releasod 50 cc donc.. m3oj le added thru Finally, water f o poured ir; thu The r41;icewindow gas holder, Is, ia evacuated, by dissolving in nitric aciff. i s placed in flask Av4 : ich is then 6mmated. Pxael B. The a x ture in boiled until solution is cam:?lets, and the gases and ths gas fromC allowed to enter. the volume of the $an bolder, fl, O u r nost represeetative data are shar.% in Fig. 2. This was obtained on a simple of X , ? e which was o l d enuugb EO ?Ant gasefi ot'ner than 350433 had completely deoayod f Iri::l~.,ding1133) me instan.caneous evolution i r ; an exponential f'unct5.cn of' t qe re ture aug m ~ j y be describes by the aqjirical squatior: Total gas voluslc? is reeorc?oil as well as a(= fraction of Xe which diffuses aut The oEViou8 interpretation is that the Xa in the surface layers diffuses out rapidly while that deep within the par;icle of oxide comss out at a sioti rate. Fcr the case of a contimoud bmbar&m& on6 can say that the amour diffksirrg out instcntancausly x sd times the rate of r'orzkicn
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, Ekperirnents are fn pmgrees t o &further sert fy the present results, to check the diffisiozl of 113', <and to CieQk nethods of increasing the y t d d tL.hfch is et present t o o Low to be safe - by abo~ita fac23r of four. P,m experisants w i t h radioacttve dust have been c&rri88m% d\;fing the. math. In one, X$IG contsining F.P. cas used. TJie dust content o f the air Tbe aninals are being saarifxced periodically to check containing F.P. This is a test run t o df3t9ml26 the c h d c a l toxicity of the alwride as well as solubility in bo@ 'These will. be discussed in detaU whem eoclpletod. ~ c ~ osco pi ce qh ment has been obtained, end sono tine haa bean spent
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A p u ? of twelve animals have beex f.rradinted at 300 r to cxtem3 GU informition on blood chaqps after x-irrcdiation. irradiated at loaer dose levels. yihile blood ccll, neu?ropiiile, and lymphocyte caants have been exi3ended i n Comparisons of x-rw and neutron effccts on The radiobiology end hematology groups dotemine the blood changes occurring within the Tit?first of a swiee of experiments beoigned t o have caopsrated in cin effort t o test thase effocte l e nearing Rabbits have been irrediated f o r 15.Lhrray and Dr, Bloon? at LOG r is a pilot experiuent designed to determioe the relative severity and the time Those art3 t o be killed at intervals for histological study. %;is iiicce. Harbor mice have been received in lmtsd numbers during the past mntk: and larger sfiipnents ma grm;ised. exceeded the mrqply, a i 0 0 have mt been uned ex"cnsiv~1yfar gene-al irr&2ietiort Since the donand has grsatly Rats. h considerable number of rats have now been trcatad and it, i6-possible t o drmi a tentetfver x-ray ~ ~ ~ l v n lcurve on the 113~isof c,urvivdl. for fifteen &QTS, pig. 4.TUs pri od la no+ long enough t o provl5c an accurate measure cf the aorta lit y at the lower dose l ~ vel ~ ,80 -the 5 6 Cote ri*i'.3prohably be somesvhc-t l077cr than is sliovrn on the curve, OT bot:.ieen 600 r
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has not pet her, treated. Lethal Actfm of Graded Single X-ref Doses, t 3 e x-ray swvivdl CUTG, l o t o of 15 gol2flsh each hawa bean given doses of 0, I:WI 7W, m d 1356 r. 1% is too early to rep* the rssults 09 this experiment. Actiar: of Dirided Dbses of X-rQVs. JAts of 15 goldfish each (the--50 r g-~prrpconsloted of x) fish) have been given d a i l y of 0, 12.5, 25, 50, and The experimmt is not wmplete, and the handling in cide qt to the trcatmgnt has mulrival CUNPB are observed and probably indicate the mint at which the These fish have received forty doses between Septmbdr 6 and October 18.
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Tde deatlns In ttis sories are not consider& duo h irzediatioE for (1.) All. desths in experimental jars occurred during Q period in i.:iich the rater had obviously becoiae fouled. (2.1 solne of the dead f i s h e:rbibitsd an emaciated appearance c h ~ c r & cte ~ isti cof certain bacterid, d3seases of fish and not generally ( 3 . ) The loss af fish exposed to the strong source stopped shortly ~ f : z r change of the culture t;.ater. (4.; f?'our of the t e n fish exposed to the stronger source hcve a xii vcd ctght-y-one days o r treatziszit, while only one of the tez fis!? eqoaed to the weaker mwce has suzr~ivsdf o r the s a e pcriod. ( 5 * ) men only m e of t i e three jars fouled, deaths occur?led 0rJ.y in the fouled j a r , in spite of the fact that it contained the ;:eeker mrc8, Rebbfte. In cooperation with Dr. Zirkie's progwn; c f detentiaing d n lethal ratioa, blood studies sere siaa?lt;anecrusly made in at attrmgt 50 eellulm constituents of tbe yeri2hcral blood. t h s klaod have been studied: The fallowing wastituants of Althou@ definite chmge is noted in all of' these with the dosso of x - r q and fast neu%rons epnployed, only the data on total leuwegte count, in this preliminary report. fast nmtrons 0x12~ are pwaented beornee thqr represeat the dosagos trhere skC is G io ally significant numbers of animals have been studied. Further, the data on certain doses of x-ray and
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3 houro; at 24 hours 3 further sLi&t decrease is apparent except dosss of lo5 n and 90 n. A t &E hours the W t s l leutrocyte count haa fellez! i2recipitouel.y with a l l cosesl and it reaches %he lowest point at 72 hams. TQereLfter a very siow increase occtns up until 250 hours and the^ a ~or-8 rapid increase in the direction of no&. inversely with the dose (See also Graph IT, Part 1). '-"he degree of depression vcies Graph 11, Part 2 - Absolute Polgmomh onuclear H e t eroghiles : At 3 hours the t o t a l polymrphorwlear heterophiles havs risen conaiderably; with doses of 105 ri and 90 a thsy have risen even higb6.r at 24 hours, and at 48 hours ell have returned to the normal renge. A t 80 houre, in general, the largest degree of depressicn is apparent, aad thereafter there i a a gm5ual return tonom io 450 houm. in-aersely with t h dose as shown on Graph TI, Part 1, for total leukocytes and Graph I, Part 3, for total lymphocytes, u0r.a.m the levels of depres8ion ELS Tne &-*rea uf depression does not vary Exc&pt with the loviest dose 126 n), e relatively constant :lspreasim a t 24 hours for the two l o w e s t doaea and at 48 holre for the three ?.?vel of depression aontinum thereafter f o r d 0 hours : m h r ~ c y in the direction of i~crmalcyis apparent, and a significant separation in level of Jepre8::im is still apparant. &&in the degree of depression Tiaries Graph I, Parts 1, 2, and 3, showing the effect of x-res on t h e t o t a l le-&ocytes, absolute lyxnpbcytca, and polynorphonuclear cells reopoctively, a r e essentially suuiiar in pattern to ths graphs showing ths effect of mutrone on the t l o o d constituents. Tho degree of depression of these cellulm aleclsnts with doses of 500, 600 and 700 heztg;ans is MnJarableI@. ZirkLo c o q a r e d tha Slood chengci after exposure to x-rays and fast neutrons plotting miznlivd. cm-ves based a a rbi tr my def in it ios of a sur vi ~ o raccordins to the derea of &?pression of +;he leukocytua permi ; abaolute lymphocytes filtlioug4 the f i n a l x/nlethal ratio on rabbits has not been mr,i~l&d,y udf in a i ly established, a conjervative estimate has bee= placed at 6 to 7. Usj.ng this estimate of the x/n Ietbi ratio, Graph IV, Parts 1, 2, md3.ms
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Eork on the compariLson of histopathologic effects of gmna a d neutrons contimes on aninals dying in Gr. Zi rUe ta lethal series. @maa irrsdist;ed mias have been sacrificed at short int - r vals to sample the I k Coiii>Uable natcrial with nmt ron exposure is vet zvaj.lPb3-e. Tho PmdernentaL eqbrimants on the nature of the fiano,poietic changes the difficulty of procuring the former in adsqr;atc quantitiea. of chidcs was irradiated at, a higher dose (1200 r) 3ut a?l the sninrals died iil the first 24 hours, of unkn0-m causes, It ~ ~ 2 snoted In mme of the chikkens bvniving the 200 I exposure for several tieeks that there I;= a mwked rstarda%i.cnof comb p o & h m the experimstc2.s as coiqued to the contmls, Iliis apparent effoct on the endocrine ~ sts mw ill be investigated further. The residue fron ether extractions had qe ci fic actiai-ty of 40 m C / qm li idi is tco Loa Tor radio - - to zi city studies. 3y folloyriog 9 schme d q end is g qr,n tke
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resestsd rsrmar?Log of precipitates f o r adsorbed activities a specific octivify smgle will probably be used far radio-cheanicol andysIs* is nacessaxy to develop a satisfactory o sprat inn of the rare earths from the dissolJeci constituente of stainless oteel. The total activrty of 5 to 10 mC expected from t h i s The L=iE13 sanplc 'from S 17 doec not have t h e large Emount of Ce wbicl? ras preomt in Onrlier a a q l c s and is being Leld to iTork up for Co activity? I)ensity-ex,nosure curves of sixteen different. fib ~aci;3loao m s e d t o beta-radiation have been dci;sna.iined. Slith t h e aid of these curms four fibs have been selecsod for radioautop7hic stutiies, Agfa non screen x-rw f i L s (very fast, contrmty, large gain), Dupont >.bra fast (fc,st, mcdlum gain), Ezst;Iz;an Single Coated (medim speed, nodim pain and single coste3), m d The resolving posers of theoe fibw are being investigated by m an8 04 icodel cellP and tis mee coqwsed of mell syheres of luclte coated vith active Sr which are imulded into d i m 0 oy heat and prwmre. Dctomnatians o f catalase activity nere nads vith diluted whole blood from rabbits before and at intervals o f burs, them dqs,after xactivity of about 5 6 . tieeica L i s robLit becan gaining c.ei&t and its catnlkse activity iucreased, Undw conditio'i of the eqcrment 1 cc, of n s m a l blooddestmys 4.4 x 10-2 depressed and radiation occurred at a1rien4. them v ~ ~ u l ebe at equilibrium 1% is unlikely that peroxide fxm rariiation or fimI resp3rL%ioncculd reach a Fa& of 4 rabbit.,. rcccivlng 200 r ahowed a decrease in catalase Recovery iiner CO3 r occurred &tar 2-3 days except for one In o m receiving 1200 r the catalase tvao reduced someC.2 x 10-13 r:iols of E$z/cc r it ws cd cul oled that if blcod catalase ticre not
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The series of lectures on r ~ ~ dic bio lo & ghas cc*ttinued thzmcgkout the present nonth. Y i t l fwd exceptions, lectures kzve boiu pesented five times a ooncluded h i s series on October 9ihr 2. Abranr: thex. gave a series of four Test run8 hsve been uade on the Chic= cyclotmn to determine the Three tracer exposures of r i c e to MG and Br hake been made w i % h low yields of W ,Y and 3r in anticipation of traces and toxic exporinients. 11. Progran for the Coming Month. 1. Haematology and Gistopafbolegy of x and n exp<;surea rill be continued to layer dose lmls. 7. Invcotigaticm on pmduction md recolveq of x6 w i l l . continue, 8 . A "SCOUVexperinent wil?. be made oc the relation 02 nicotinic acid and raeiatioa injury.
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Site D: The installation cif pind crs in Room 109 IL.; chockod ~ i t hthe electrostatic pre c is it at or. Tine uiomts of tLkJallog dust collcctoti excee;icd c size dctmninations TAU be obtajncz inthe futum.
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a mouse 1s estimated t o be tkie equivc;lcnt of orie pound p w …
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