Environmental Restoration Program, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Waste Area Grouping 13, Remedial Investigation Work Plan (Draft)

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Environmental Restoration Program Oak Ridge National Laboratory Waste Area Grouping 13 Remedial Investigation Work Plan Quality Assurance Project Plan Waste Area Grouping 13

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Environmental Restoration Program Oak Ridge National Laboratory Waste Area Grouping 13 Remedial Investigation Work Plan Quality Assurance Project Plan Waste Area Grouping 13 Health and Safety Plan Waste Area Grouping 13

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Environmental Restoration Program Oak Ridge National Laboratory Waste Area Grouping 13 Quality Assurance Project Plan US. Department of Energy Oak Ridge Operations Lee Wan & Associates, Inc. 120 S. Jefferson Circle, Suite 100 Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830

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Euviromental Restoration Program Oak Ridge National Laboratory Waste Area Grouping 13 Quality Assurance Project Plan Remedial Investigation contractor Date Program Manager Approval Remedial Investigation contractor Date Remedial Investigation contractor Date Deputy Program Manager, Offsite

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I TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRO DUC II ON ................................................ 1 of19 .......................1. QUALITY ASSURANCE ORGANIZATION i or 5 1.5 RIC ORGAN IZ A ~ ON1or5 2. QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAM 1 of 5 2.6.6 Document Control 2 of 5 2.6.8 ...................................2.6.9 Control of Process 3 of 5 .......................................2.6.11 Test Control 3 of 5 2.6.12 Control of Measuring and Test 2.5 QUALITY ASSURAFCE PROJECT PLAY ...................I ol' 5 2.6 QUALITY ASSURANCE PROJECT REQUIRE hlEN n.........2 of 5 Quality Assurance Program ............................ 2 ol' 5 Design Control ..................................... 2 of 5 Procurement Document Control ........................ 2 of 5 Instructions. Procedures. and Drawings ...................2 of 5 Control of Purchased hems and Services ..................3 ol 5 Identification and Control of Items ...................... 3 ol S 2.6.13 Handling. Storage. and Shipping .........................4 of 5 2.6.14 Inspection. Test. and Operating Status ...................4 of 52.6.15 Control of Nonconforming Items ........................ 4 of 5 2.6.17 Quality Assurance Records ............................ 3 o f 5 2.6.19 Software Quality Assurance ............................1015 ....................................2.6.16 Corrective Action 4 of 5

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TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued) 2.8 PERSONNEL SELECTION; INDOCIRINATION. AND 2.9 INDEPENDENT ASSESSMENTS ...........................5 of 5 3.5 THE DESIGN CO h TRO L SYSTEM .......................... 1 of 2 3.6 PROJECT DESIGN DEVELOPMENT ........................ 1 of 1 3.6.2 The RI Work Plan ................................... 2 of 2 3.6.1 The Environmental Impact Statement Implementation 3. PROCUREMENT DOCUMEKT CONTROL ........................ 1 of 1 5 . INSTRUCTIONS. PROCEDURES. AVD DRAWINGS ................1 of 2 5.5 .CONTROL OF INSTRUCTIONS. PROCEDURES. AND 6. DOCUMENT CONTROL ......................................1 of 2 6.5 PROJECT DOCUMENT CONTROL ......................... 1 of 2 7. CONTROL OF PURCHASED ITEMS AND SERVICES ...............1 of 2 7.5 PROCUREMENT DOCUMENT CONTROL ...................1 of 2

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TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued) 8. IDENTlFICATION AND CONTROL OF ITEMS .................... 1 of 2 8.5 CONTROL OF ITEMS .................................... 1 of 2 Engineered and Nonengineered Items .................... 1 of 2 Samples and Data ................................... 2 of 2 CONTROL OF PROCESSES .................................... 1 of 26 Contract Laboratory Program Criteria ............. 2 of 26 Field Instrument Accuracy ...................... 2 of 26 Laboratory Instrument Accuracy .................2 of 26 Contract Laboratory Program Criteria ............. 4 of 26 SPECIAL PROCESSES .................................... 7 of 26 Drilling Equipment ........................... 7 of 26 Environmental Monitoring ..............................8 of 26 Monitoring Well Installation Development ........ .S of 26 Groundwater Level Measurement ............... - 8 of 26 9.5.3 Environmental Sampling .............................. 8 of 26 Groundwater Sampling ........................ 8 of 26 Sampling Procedures ......................... 1.3 of 26 Analytical Procedures ................................ 15 of 26 Data Management and Analysis ........................ 16 of 26 Sampling Equipment ..........................8 of 26 Surface Water and Sediments Sampling ........... 13 of 26 Contract Laboratory Program Procedures ......... 15 of 26

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TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued) 9.5.6 Data Reduction. V'alidation. and Reporting ............... 16 of 26 Data Reduction ............................. 16 of 26 Data Validation ............................. 22 of 26 10.5 PROJECT INSPECTION ................................... 1 of 1 .............................................11. TEST CONTROL 1 of 1 11.5 TEST CONTROL 1 or 1. ....................................... 12.5 MEASURING AND TEST EQUIP MEh T CONTROLS ...........1 of 7 12.5.2 Calibration. Maintenance. and Operation .................1 of 7 Laboratory Equipment. ........................2 of 7 12.5.3 Use of Measuring and Test Equipment ...................7 of 7 13. HANDLING. STORAGE. AND SHIPPING ......................... 1 of 3 13.5.1 Handling. Packaging. and Storage ........................ 2 of 4 Bottle Preparation ............................ 2 of 4 Sample Containment and Preservation .............2 of 4 Sample Packaging ............................ 2 of 4 12.5.2.1 Calibration Procedures and Frequency for Field 12.5.2.2 Calibration Procedures and Frequency for 13.5 HANDLING, STORAGE. AND SHIPPING O F ENVIRONMENTAL

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14.2 REQUIRE ME hm1 of 1 13.6 HANDLING. PACKAGING. STORAGE. AND SHIPPING OF ........................HAZARDOUS AND MIXED WASTE 14.5 INSPECTION. TEST. AND OPERATING STATUS ..............1 of 1 1(1 . CORRECTIVE ACTIOS 1 or 1 16.5 CORRECTIVE ACTIOS sys-mis ..........................I or 1 17.5 QUALITY ASSUWCE RECORDS CONTROL ...............1 or 4 17.5.1.1 Sample Custody Requirements ..................3 of 4 17.5.1.2 Sample Custody in the Field .................... 3 of 4 Transfer of Custody and Shipment ................3 of 4 Laboratory Custody Procedures ..................3 of 4

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TABLE OF CONENIS (Continued) 19. SOFTWARE QUALITY AS S UW CE ............................ 1 of 1 19.5 PROJECT COMPUTER SOFTWARE ........................ 1 of 1

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LIST OF TABLES ...............................................1.1 QAMS Criteria 2 of 19 Volatile Organic Compounds Targeted for Analysis ................... 8 of 19 Semivolatile Organic Compounds Targeted for Analysis ................ 10 of 19 Pesticides and PCBs Targeted for Analysis .......................... 14 of 19 Inorganic Constituents Targeted for Analysis ........................ 16 of 19 Analytes to be Determined by SOPS ............................... 18 of 19 Soil and Sediment Samples ...................................... 12 of 26 h’on-Contract Laboratory Program Analytical Methods ................. 17 of 26 Radiological Analytical hlethods .................................. 18 of 26 Geotechnical Analytical hlethods ................................. 20 of 26 9.3 Summary of Sample Containment and Sample Presentation Methods 9.1 Summary of Sample Containment and Sample Preservation Methods for 12.1 Summary of Field Monitoring Equipment Calibration and Use ...........3 of 7 12.2 BFB‘ Key Ions and lon Abundance Criteriab ........................ 1 3 BFTPP’ Key Ions and Ion Abundance Criteriah ...................... LIST OF FIGURES 1.1 Schedule for Performing the Phase I Remedial Investigation 1.2 Location of Environmental Research Areas (WAG 1.3) .................5 of 19 1.1 Work Breakdown Structure for Phase I Remedial Investigation 1.2 Responsibility Assignment Matrix for WAG 13 Phase I Remedial

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Atomic Absorption Spectrometer Comprehensive Environmental Response, amp - nsa Contract Laboratory Program contract required detection limit Contract Required Quanti tation Limit data quality objective Martin Marietta Energy Systems, Inc. American Society of Mechanical Engineers L..I U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Environmental Sumeillance Procedure measuring and test equipment National Bureau of Standards National Environmental Policy Act O a k Ridge National Laboratory Project Target Compound List Quality Assurance Management Staff Quality Assurance Project Plan Quality Assurance Program Plan Remedial Action Program Resource Consentation and Recovery Act Remedial Investigation Contractor relative percent difference standard operating procedure statement of work Solid Waste Management Unit target compound limit Tentatively Identified Compound Waste Area Grouping Work Breakdown Structure ion,' and Liability Act

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This Quality Assurance Project Plan (QAPjP) has been developed for use in the site preparation, sample collection, and sample analysis activities at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL)Waste Area Grouping (WAG)13 to ensure that appropriate levels of quality assurance (QA) and quality control (QC) are achieved. This OAPjP establishes QA requirements and responsibilities applicable to project participants, and establishes the administrative methods through which project participants wil1 implement the requirements of the project. Where no appropriate procedure exists, the QAPjP requires that o n e be developed by a cognizant individual(s) o r organitation(s) in accordance with QNQC procedures that govern preparation of procedures. This QAPjP integrates requirements from three primary sources: American Society Specifications for preparing QAPjPs (QAMS-005/80), and the activities that constitute the NQA-1 defines 18 criteria that must be addressed by a QA plan, and one additional criterion is required by the project (Sofware QA). QAMS-005/80 defines 16 criteria that must be addressed in an environmental remediation QA project plan. Table 1.1 illustrates T h e Remedial Investigation (RI) effort on the WAG 13 Project began with development of the R I Work Plan, which integrates the following: 0 Resource Consentation and Recovery Act (RCRA) Facility InvestigationlCorrective Measures Study process of RCRA, RVFeasibility Study process of the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA);and' 0 the procedural requirements of the National Environmental Policy ACI

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Table L1 QAMS Criteria Table of Contents Table of Contents Project Organization and Responsibility QA Objectives for Measurement Data Calibration Procedures and Frequency An a lyt ica I Procedures Data Reduction, Validation, and Reporting Internal Quality Control Checks Performance and System Audits Specific Routine Procedures Used to Assess Data Precision, Accuracy, Quality Assurance Reports to Management

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T h e schedule for performing the Phase I RI at WAG 13 is presented in Figure 1.1. Work will be performed by the RI cantractor (RIC). SITE DESCRIPTION AND HISTDRY In response to federal and state regulations, ORNL established a Remedial Action Program (RAP) to manage areas where past and current research, development, and waste management activities have resulted in residual contamination of facilities or the environment. The primary objective of the RAP is to clean up the hazardous contamination that may threaten human health and the environment. To identify compliance requirements under R C R A 3004 (u), which mandate that any hazardous waste management permit issued requires corrective action for all releases from Solid Waste Management Units (SWMUs), ORNL listed all known active and inactive waste management areas, contaminated facilities, and potential sources of continuing releases to the environment and grouped them into twenty contiguous and hydrologically defined W A G . Two SWMUs located southwest of the main ORNL complex near the Clinch River have been combined and identified in the R C R 4 Facilities Assessments as WAG 13. The two S W U s are located about 1300 ft (400 m) apart in separate portions of the WAG (Figure 1.2 . A part of this area (SWMU 13.1) was the site of a simulated fallout experiment utilizing l3 Cs-tagged particles. Part of the area is currently being used for field studies on air pollution and acid rain effectson vegetation. SWMU 13.1 consisted of a 5-acre fenced area in a fescue grassland community approximately 330 ft (100 m) north of the Clinch River at mile 20.5. The site included eight 33- by 33-ft (10- by 10-m) treatment plots, each of which was enclosed by metal sheeting that extended 18 inches (46 cm) below the surface and 24 inches (61 cm) above the ground (Figure 1.2). I n August of 1968,four of the plots were contaminated with 137Csfused to silica particles, and the remaining four plots were used as controls. This site is presently enclosed by a chain link fence and is not being used. Numerous experiments with shorter half-life isotopes were also conducted in the vicinity of the cesium plots; however, due to the radioactivity decay process, these isotopes are no longer present in detectable amounts. SWMU 13.2 was an experimental area used to study 137Csrunoff, erosion, and infiltration on a silt-loam soil. T h e isotope used in this experiment was sprayed as a liquid on soils having varying degrees of groundcover. A total of 15 mCi of 1370was sprayed over a 215 ft' (20 m2)area. This site is currently fenced and not used.

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PROJECT OBJECTIVES AND INTENDED DATA USAGES T h e objectives for a11 SWMUs at ORNL are to determine the nature and extent of contamination, to evaluate the associated risk to human health and the environment. and to idcntifj the preferred remedial action. These objectives are supported by the QAF'jP, which spccify the following project activities: confirming and quant ibn g the extent of contamination, verifjlng the probable sources of contamination, determining potential contaminant migration pathways, determining the needs for remedial action. and identifyhg the preferred remedial alternatives. T h e following field activities will support the project objectives outlined for \YAG 1.7: geophysical, electromagnetic, magnetometer, and electrical resistivily sumeys to define underlying structures; installation of monitoring wells between SWhlU 13.1 and the Clinch R i x r to determine if any radioactive contamination is migrating into thc installation of three sets of paired monitoring wells, one paired uith one of the single wells between SWMU 13.1 and the Clinch River and wo paired wells upgradient to determine vertical groundwater flou.; 0 analysis of groundwater and surface water samples for: - volatile and semivolatile organics (one round) to ensure that only radioactive contamination exists on-site and to determine if contaminants from White Oak Lake are migrating into the groundwater under the site; 0 surface water and sediment sampling and analysis for: radionuclides lo characterize contamination migration in surface streams at two on-site streams and at four locations along the Clinch River (one upstream. one abreast SWMU 13.3. and two downstream); and 0 analysis radionuclides to characterize any airborne migration of radionuclidcs from the site; and

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slug tests in selected wells to determine hydraulic conductivities of water All compounds on the Project Target Compound List (PTCL) will be analyzed initially to ensure that all potential chemicals of concern are identified Tentatively Identified Compounds (TIC)analyses will be required for all gas chromatographlmass spectrometer (GC/MS) methods as specified by the Contract Laboratory Program (CLP) methods. The PTCLs are presented in Tables 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 1.5, and 6, along with the project-required detection limits. Tables 1.2 through 1.4 include the parameten listed in the CLP Statement of Work (SOW) lor organics analysis, consisting of vola tile organics, semivolatile organics, pesticides, and polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) fractions, respectively. Table 1.5 includes those inorganic parameters to be determined by the CLP SOW for inorganics analysis. Analytes for which CLP analytical procedures do not exist will be analyzed using Standard Operating Procedures (SOPS) based on EPA-approved methods. Deliverables for this project are listed below: 0 approved Phase I RI Work Plan Baseline Risk Assessment Technical Interim Memorandum 0 Preliminary Risk Assessment Site investigation Analysis 0 Preliminary Characterization Summary Report

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Table L2 Volatile Organic Compoands Targeted for Analysis (Continued) CAS Numberb LOW WaterC Sedimen te 'Detection limits for water are project required. Detection limits for soils are EPA contract bChemical Abstracts Senice (CAS)identifylng number, American Chemical Society. dMedium Water Detection Limits for Volatile TCL Compounds are 100 times the indikidual L o w 'Detection limits listed for soilhedimen1 are based on wet weight. The detection limits calculated Water detection limits given in the table. for soil/sediment calculated on dry weight basis will be higher. NO- Specific detection limits are highly matrix-dependent. The detection limits listed herein are provided for guidance and may not always be achievable. Interference between compounds detected in a sample may require a higher detection limit. Medium and low levels are determined by the X-factor calculations from the hexadeane screening extract.

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Table U. Semivolatile Organic Compounds Targeted for Analysis (Continued) De tai on Limits'

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Table U.Semivolatile Organic Compounds Targeted for Analysis (Continued) 'Detection limits for water are project required. Detection limits for soils are EPA contract bCAS identifying number, American Chemical Society. dMedium Water Detection Limits for Semi-Volatile TCL Compounds are 100 times the individual 'Detection limits listed for soillsediment are based on wet weight. The detection limits calculated Low Water detecrion limits. for soiVsediment calculated on dry weight basis will be higher. individual L o w SoiVSediment detection limits.

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Table U. Semivolatile Organic Compounds Targeted for Analysis (Continued) mese parameters are reported as total. NO= Specific detection limils are highly …