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Machine-read from the scan, so expect some errors. Lines that couldn’t be read are left out.
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I. MANPOWER AND COST DATA 60. DIRECT MANPOWER (Man Years) TEMPORARY PAID BY OTHERS TEMPORARY PAID BY ANL ESTIMATED FOR FISCAL YEARS TOTAL OTHER TECHNICAL 10.2 8,l 21 .o TOTAL MAN YEARS 177.2 170.6 204.4 MATERIALS AND SERVICES 1,685 2,089 2,460 06-01 Interaction of Radiation with trol of Radiation Exposure to Man and His Environment 2,634 3,016 4,216 06-02 Assessment, Evaluation and ConVhvan and His Environment $ 74 $ 209 -t rol of Radiation Exposure to
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REPOSITORY: OFFICE OF HUMAN RADIATION COLLECTION: PLUTONIUM INJECTION INVESTIGATION FOLDER: EXTRA COPIES FROM ROCHESTER FILES
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be. Equipment Obligations (In Thousands) General(see below for detail) 06-01 Interaction of Radiation with Biological -02 Assessment Evaluation and Control of Radiation Exposure to Man and His See individual 189's for detail. The following equipment items are for general service in the Biological and Medical Research Division and are,therefore, not allocated directly to Scanning E l e c tr on Micr os cope $ 76 Animal Cage Washer - Replacement of Electron Microscope - Minor Items - Other General Services 29 Total General Equipment $1 15 Explanation of Equipment Items Animal Cage Washer Replacement of the Animal Cage Washer is long overdue. chine was purchased in F Y 1958. It has become obsolete in performance, and has a demand for maintenance on a frequency far beyond what would be terme normal. Extensive repairs were made in F Y 1968; however, the machine has reached the point where further repairs will become uneconomical. The large volume of cage washing in the Division requires the machine to operate 7 days a week and to be reliable for use during periods when maintenance help is unobtainable. High Level Gamma Source The present high intensity cobalt-60 source in the high level gamma room was 12,000 curies in 1963 and has decayed to less than half its original intensity. Replacemlent by a source of similar design would be uneconomical in view of the high c o s t of high specific activity cobalt-60. It is proposed to retain the present mechanism and sources while adding a further mechanism containing 20,000 curies of cobalt-60. The physical arrangement of the proposed source permits standard cobalt-60 to be used and yet would permit uniform exposures of small samples at high r dose rates than in the.present
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BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE Biology and Medicine Program BUDGET ACTIVITY NO. Red a cement of Electron MicroscoDe Our present work load and need for improving the quality of our electron micrographs requires replacement of our oldest electron microscope. instrument gives limited production due to excessive maintenance, photographic capabilities, and specimen handling facilities. It is a l s o lacking in image sharpness and resolution. Several electron microscopes are now available which will remedy these shortcomings. The program of the Division of Biological and Medical Research includes a spectrum of studies subdivided, conceptually, into (1) long range programmatic research in radiation biology, (2) basic research in radiation biology, (3)basic research in other related aspects of biology such a s biochemistry, biophysics, genetics, and molecular biology. In accordance with statements made in the r e c e n t Biology and Medicine budget assumptions, the main studies in category (1) are receiving immediate attention in F Y 1971. These include the Janus program in which biological experiments will s t a r t early in F Y 1971 and will then be pursued vigorously. (Detailed experimental plans are available in these budget statements and in separate reports to AEC-DBM [Feb 19701,) The transfer of personnel from other research effort ! into the Janug program, increasing it from less than 4 scientific man years in quired involuntary termination of personnel), has placed a serious strain on the Division's other programs. At the present time 10 to 12 additional scientific mar years of support personnel are needed for various scientific programs other than Janus which cannot presently be filled. The Janus program still requires additional professional personnel, f o r example, in cytogenetics and in virology and these needs will become critical in F Y 1972. f u r t h e r transfer within the Division and additional effort will need to be provided unless further severe reductions are made by eliminating complete programs in other research areas. They cannot be provided out of
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A major long range program, the Metabolism and Toxicity of Fission Products in Dogs, has been reduced further. the publication of r e s u l t s of past work has been achieved and the next phase of this program requires expansion in certain experimental areas notably in the further development of chronic external “ C o ?-radiation exposures in dogs. The 7 - radiation exposure series forms an important background not only for the fission product experiments, but for probable neutron toxicity studies in dogs later. Recently an excellent record of productivity in The p r o g r a m on the toxicity of the actinide elements and attempts to combat their effects therapeutically should be expanded into a program of broader scope, with studies in dogs in addition to those in mice. The current budget statements refer only to the program in its present form but an expanded program is expected to be developed soon. Basic research in radiation biology has suffered some contraction into the Janus program and by other forms of attrition (such as administration!). However, strong programs are, with some difficulty, being maintained in radiation effects in bacteria, in mammalian cells, and in some in vivo cell compartments in animals; and in various theoretical and mathematical approaches to responses in than formerly due to decreased available manpower. These programs will inevitably move somewhat more slowly In the basic research areas certain segments of the programs have suffered severely. Carcinogenesis and related studies in biochemistry have been cut drastically by various staff changes. Carcinogenesis is an area of research of vital and unique concern to those engaged in study of radiation and environmental problems, and this subject area must be rebuilt, probably with a modified program orientation, a s soon a s possible. A number of other areas require further development and would deserve expansion if this were feasible. Excellent progress has been made in the general area cf macromolecular structure by both NMR and x - ray crystallographic techniques I and possible applications to some medical situations are even beginning to emerge. Development of the gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer and its utilization for stable isotope studies, with eventual clinical application, is continuing, Various studies in microbial genetics, particularly those concerned with the control of growth and o t h e r s with the nature and mapping of bacterial chromo some s, have been making good progress and are also continuing, Timerelated phenomena in mammalian and other cells show clearly the importance of time-dependent control factors in governing radiation and other responses. The decline of activities in this important area is a cause for concern. In addition to the critical effect of reduced numbers of scientific support personnel on some programs, the reduction in the number of temporary personnel Over a period of years has a very serious effect on the scope and vitality of most of our activities. The numbers of temporary personnel, paid by the Laboratory, have dropped from over 16 scientific man years in F Y 1967 (which was not in itself a sufficiently high number) to less than 6man years in FY1971. Means must be found to support well-qualified candidates in the temporary category. In
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BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE TWOp ro grams of the Radiological Physics Division - Radiation Physics, and Radioactive and Trace Element Metabolism - have curtailed research efforts because of recent budget restrictions. basic research on which advances in Biology and Medicine are built, i t is imp era - Because these two programs provide the Biology and Medicine Program , BUDGET ACTIVITY NO. addition t o outside sources of support which we are seeking, the AEC-DBM pro - gram should provide for more appointments in those programs of unique concern Efforts to encourage research and teaching cooperation.with university groups a r e continuing. Staff personnel of this Division a r e cooperating in the provision of expanded course work at two institutions in the area and it is anticipated that these activities will lead to additional research cooperation by both staff and A desirable change of emphasis has been introduced in relation to medically research are being encouraged, cooperation with appropriate medical departments of universities such as Chicago is being developed and, hopefully, appropri ate temporary personnel with medical backgrounds will conduct some re sea rcp advantage of medical exploitation of basic research here in the Division may be The medical aspects and applications of some of the basic Ultimately, in m o r e favorable conditions, appointments designed to take Within the Radiological Physics Division a new program - Radium Studies - is underway to study the effects of internal emitters on man. This Center forHuma1 Radiobiology has completed the transfer of Prof. Robley Evans’ staff from the MIT laboratory. The remaining small satellite laboratory at MIT is to be funded asa subcontract from Argonne starting Sept. 1, 1970. It will function asa Bostor field office of the Radium Studies where total body 7 - ray measurements and rador breath measurements will be carried out on those radium patients that are not brought to Argonne for study. Although budget and s p a c e limitations presently prevent adequate staffing of the Center for HumaE Radiobiology, it is clearly evident that a medical branch m u s t be added t o this program.Plans call for the addition of a Medical Director in F Y 1972, and an office and laboratory building to house the expanded staff. tive that t h e s e two groups be brought up to an effi
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(Con tin ua ti on) The G r e a t Lakes Ecology Study which is jointly funded by DBM and RDT, to determine the influence of thermal and radioactive discharges from nuclear power plants s i t e d along Lake Michigan upon the physical and biological environment of the lake, This program is conducted by personnel from RPY an( The RPY effort involves the study of radioactivity in the lake - - and its biota; intensive physical and biological studies a t selected sites such a s - - Waukegan and Zion; and the meteorological effects of releasing heat into thelake The program is expected to grow in F Y 1971, and a relatively large field effort will be conducted i n conjunction with university investigators in this region. The Atmospheric Sciences program continues to document relevant parameters on the site and to correlate these with urban measurements as part of the Chicago Air Pollution Program. Urban meteorology and an intensified program in rain scavenging - inadvertent weather modification are essentially new efforts in F Y 1970 and F Y 1971. Research on energy transfer at the air - water interface is being directed t o examine energy loss mechanisms on Lake Michigan.