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MONTBIZ STATUS AM, PROGRESS REPORT Tap Secret Appendix Under Separate Cover N,J~Authorized lor Public Release BUDGET AND REPORTS DIVISION
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BIOLOGY AND WI CINE Cytogenetics--It has been previously demonstrated that hydrogen peroxide does not induce mutations i n Paramecium even when the catalase i n the cell is partially poisoned by cyanide, It has been shown that neither peroxide nor cyanide present during X-irradiation modifies t h e induced mutation rate, Calculations show that t h e average concentration of peroxide inside a cell the size of a paramecium is a large fraction of that outside. The concentration of perolcide used i n these eqeriments w a s more than thirty tima that produced i n pure water by the doses of X-rays noxmally used in mutation experiments, A t these doses, more than half of t h e mutagenic effec tis eliminated when irradiation occurs inthe absence of oxygen. It may be concluded t h a t oxygen does not exert, i t s influence on the mutagenic action of X-rays by i t s influence on peroxide formation, The ratio of chromatid aberrations induced by X rays i n Tradescantia i n the presence of air and i n pure nitroge- indicates a pronounced wave-length shorter wave lengths (gamma rays); with isochromtid deletions the ratio changes i n the reverse direction, For chromatid deletions the ratio increases from longer (50 kvp) t o duced a t ORNL was examined from the standpoint o f emission spectrum, ultraviolet effect, and of its dependence qon - terrqxrature, pH, inhibitors, In addition t o Peduced coenzyme-I and riboElavin
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phosphate, it was found that ;r lipid - uke kidney cortex, stimulates the luminescence. and purified to the extent that one microgram per milliliter will produce a tenfold stimulation of luminescence, substance, extractable from hog This substance was isolated Its chemical structure is under Pathology and Physiology--Mice, guinea pigs, and r a t s were aposed t o cyclotron-m-oduxdneutrons and t o 2~0-kv-p X-rays i n order t o hetermine their re Gti ve biological effectiveness, The parameters studied thus far include T;D 0/3O days, cataract induction, and bone-morrow activity, as indicated.by ??e58 uptake i n red blood cells and white cell counts. The preliminary IJ)so studies a r e nearly completed and the others are i n progress. The tentative neutron/X-ray ratios for acute lethal it yare as follows: i n mice 1rep neutrons equals about rep X-rays; i n rats 1 rep neutrons Enzyme Chemistry--The investigation of the relationship between molybdenum and xanthine ofidase, undertaken in collaboration with the UT-AEC groq, was completed, It was not found possible t o remove the Mo99 activity from the labeled enzyme either by means of exchange o r by prolonged dialysis. Spectro-photometric measurements on the enzyme and chemical, spectrographic and radio-assay methods f o r determination of the associated molybdenum in&- cate that one atom of molybdenum i s combined in a molecule containing two is i n the neighborhood of 200,000, a value which is i n agreement with the results of ultracentrifuge measurements made i n other laboratories. The minimum molecular weight of the xanthine oxidase