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TABLE OF CONTENTS Activities ofthe Medical Division........... page 1 Clinical Studies .................... page 4 Laboratory Research ................... page 11 Medical Physics ..................... page 35 Proceedings of the Second Advanced Course i n the Use of Isotopes i n Medicine . . page 51 List of Publications of the Medical Division...... page 5 2
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Attention has been given to studies of alkaline - earth metabThere has been emphasis on [ a ) magnitude of and fac-o l i s m i n man. tors affecting absorption, (b) fate of elements inthe body, (c) route of endogenous excretion,(d)results of daily administration v z rs us single-dose technique, (e) extrapolation of animal data to man, and (f)radiation dosage t o the gastrointestinal tract fmm standpoint of possible therapeutic and diagnostic application,the residual effects of such usage, the role of calcification in certain malignancies, patient management under concii t ions of hormonal This approach is of interest from the Newer developments in instrumentation are being explored to determine situations in biomedical research where there are real advantages over the more refined methods and increased sensitivities Surveys have been initiated and are being continued for the amounts of radioactivity present in man and animals as correlated Training and educational duties have taken considerable time and effort - in part im lar,the biological aspects of the Special erin ary radiologic3.1 health courses,organization of symposia, and participation in scientific meetings. A combined training and research project of considerable interest has been concerned with the nature of avian coccidia l immunity. METABOLISM OF STRONTIUM-85 IN HUMAN BEINGS Studies in man that were not heretofore r act ical have been made possible by the recent availability of cyc'1otzon-produced * 3resent address : Oak Ridge National Laboratory Health Physics
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cause of its long half life ; carrier - free strontium-89 ha: varying amounts of strontium-90 contamination that precludes its use; pile - prcduced strontium-89 has no long-lived contamination, but does n o t have ahigh enough specific activity for most purposes. Strontiumand i s produced in carrier - free state by bombardment of rubidium. The main disadvantage is the relatively high cost, $200 per milli - Strontium-90 is not suitable for such studies beStudies have been completed on four patients.In twin di - vi dual s,the strontium-95 was a dni in is k red orally three times a state, the average fecal excretion MS 60 percent of the in take, the urinary ex c re tim kas 6percent, and the level in the blood was about 2.5 per cant of the daily in take. When the dosage was stopped, the excretion fell to a very low value, i n sgreement with data from animal experiments that indicate ten a cia us retention of such alkaline-ear.Lh radioisotopes. 3f particular interest are the relationships between the known body burden, the level of excretion, ana the blood contents f ter the dosage has been stopped. Rie excretions and blood were assayed. At steady One patient rec eiv sda single oral dose,of which 86 per cent was excreted in the f ecos and 3per cent i n the urine. patient received a single intravenouz injection ; this patient was in terminal condition and the excretions were s o low as to reflect, the sbnormal meLabolism. Autoradiograms of bone and tissue d is tri - but ion data were obtained a t autopsy from two individuals The results from these experiments permit logical extrapols tion to behavior i n human beings from a large body of animal dat3 EFFECTS OF CORTISONE AND PARATHYROID EXTRACT ON CALCIUM-45, STRONTIUM-89, AND PHOSPHORUS-32 BEHAVIOR IN THE RAT It i s well known that parathyroid extract will cause removal of calcium and phosFhate from bone, increased urinary excretion of phospha-cs, and marked calcification of the kidneys. re2ortsd that administration of cortisone to patients suffering from hypo parathyroid im inter fared with. calcium metabolism ana i n - kn s if ie dan already hypocalcemic state.Also,cortisone has been shown to restrain the growth of om type of os teo ly tic breast canIt was recently * Present address: Oak Ridge Na.tiona1 Laboratory Health Physics