Bureau of Medicine and Surgery Supplemental Report of Human Radiation Experiments

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BUREAU OF MEDICINE AND SURGERY SUPPLEMENTAL REPORT OF HUMAN RADIATION EXPERIMENTS responses to the Assistant to the Secretary of Defense (Atomic Energy) request for a DOD-wide review of Human Radiation Experiments. This is a supplemental report to the March 3 1, April 29, 26 May and 15 July 1994 month of August. It reports documents identified in response to Advisory Committee requests and Secretary of Navy archive searches. One additional study is reported. It was specifically requested by the Advisory Committee. It was not included in the previous reports as it related to the atomic test participants. This bring the total to date of BUMED studies identified to 8 16. This report summaries search activities for the second two weeks of July and the archives are provided in section 111. Copies of the documents are attached. Special attention is directed to the Secretary of the Navy's letter of 07 April 1943. This notice documents formal SECNAV review requirements for research proposals involving humans prior to the 1951 Manual of the Medical Department requirements. As requested by the Advisory Committee, requests for non-radiation related experiments are included to demonstrate the SECNAV review process was functional. Indexes of documents identified in the search of the Secretary of the Navy D. NMRI Memorandum Report 56-1 relating to Project NM 006 012.04 is attached as requested in the 2 August 1994 Advisory Memorandum (Don Weightman). The NMRI Report discusses an apparent personnel contamination associated with Operation Castle, an atomic test. The report was previously identified in our searches but not included because the atomic tests were not part of the search and reporting tasking. The "Castle Accidents folder" referenced in the Memo must be an Air Force folder. We are not aware of such a folder. Supporting documents for three studies from the Naval Health Research Center, 11[. Search. The following search activities have been completed since the last report: of the Secretary of the Navy's archives and files for years 1940 through 1968. Subsequent years are being researched. Results will be included in our next The Secretary of the Navy's Administration Files Branch has completed its search

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A. Secretary of the Navy's Administration CorresDondence Re: Human Research The following indexes documents identified in the search of the Secretary of the Navy's archives which relates to human research. As requested documents include radiation and non radiation research. 07 APR 1943 Unauthorized Medical Experimentation On Service Personnel 10 FEB 1947 Use of Service Personnel in Experimental Studies: Request for Authority -- --- ---- Authority for medical study involving naval personnel, request for 18 JAN 1950 Authority for medical study involving naval personnel, request for 22 MAR 1951 Volunteer medical research subjects: Proposal concerning commendations and record entries 10 Jun 1951 Ltr discussing press release on use of Cortisone for frost bite. 15 JUN 1951 Volunteer Medical Research Subjects: Proposal Concerning Commendations and Record Entries 10 JUL 1951 Use of humans in Experimental Studies in the Burn Program, Request for 13 JUL 1951 Volunteer Medical Research Subjects; Proposal Concerning Commendations and Record Entries. (See 15 June 1951 entry above.) 16 JUL 1951 Use of humans in experimental studies in the thermal burn program, Naval Radiological Defense Laboratory. 1 1 DEC 1951 Request for authority to utilize human volunteers for experimental 24 JAN 1952 BUPERs Endorsement for Medical Study involving personnel of Metabolic Research Facility and Radiological Defense Laboratory, Hunters Point, California 18 APR 1952 Policy and Procedures in Connection With the Use of Human Beings as Subjects in Experimentation

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12 NOV 1953 Experimental Studies of a Medical Nature Involving Persons in the Naval Establishment (Effects of high velocity air blast on pilot equipment and on operation of the ejection seat face curtain) 18 DEC 1953 Experimental studies of a medical nature involving persons in the Naval 3 1 DEC 1953 Experimental studies of a medical nature involving persons in the Naval 26 JAN 1954 Use of human volunteers in vibration research 05 MAR 1954 Experimentation on personnel; authorization for 12 MAR 1954 Use of Human Volunteers in Research (Skin grafts) 07 APR 1954 Project NM 001 090.04; "The Effects of Heat and Cold on Living Mammalian Tissues"; request for permission to use human subjects in 07 APR 1954 Project NM 001 060.17, Use of Human Subjects for Study of the Hemodynamic Effects of Inflation of Full Pressure Half Suit During Exposure to Positive Acceleration; permission for 24 JUN 1954 Research Study NM 008 013.07, "A study of the reaction of diet restricted in carbohydrates on lactobacillus counts of persons demonstrating high degree of caries activity"; proposed extension of 02 AUG 1954 Authority to expand research project NM 008 015.08; request for (Ultrasonic dental cutting instrument) 29 SEP 1954 Ltr to Senator Holland (Use of citrus juices in the prevention of pilot 06 NOV 1954 Experimental studies of a medical nature involving persons in the Naval Establishment (Test the impact forces transferred to the pilot's body by the deployment and inflation of parachutes) 22 NOV 1954 Experimental studies of a medical nature involving persons in the Naval Establishment (Evaluate the incorporation of lateral restraint devices in the present shoulder harness and lap belt in aircraft) 20 AUG 1954 Volunteer subjects of the Marine Corps for testing physiological effects of heat stress; request of authorization to use

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06 DEC 1955 Use of Human Volunteers in connection with research projects; request for approval of (Vaccines for respiratory infections) 26 APR 1956 Personnel Research (Describes several studies) 11 FEB 1957 Request for permission to use human volunteers in a research project (Atro Pen Auto-injector of atropine as a nerve gas antidote) 02 MAY 1957 Authorization for use of Naval Personnel in Experimental Studies 1 1 JUN 1957 Request for permission to conduct Psychological Research; disapproval of 17 .TU, 1957 Transplantation of human skin cells to selected human subject 0 1 OCT 1957 Permission to use human volunteers in connection with influenza vaccine research project NM 52 05 04.5; request for 04 OCT 1957 Use of Human Volunteers; request for approval of (Prolonged exposures to various concentrations of oxygen under simulated flight situations) 16 OCT 1957 Use of Human Volunteers; request for approval of (Surgical evaluation of epithelial cells, substrains of NCTC strain 1769 and NCTC CLONE 2414 03 DEC 1957 U.S. Navy research laboratories to perform thermal stress experiments; 3 1 MAR 1958 Authorization for use of radioisotopes in human volunteers; request for 2 1 APR 1958 Permissive Authority for clinical research on human volunteers "re" the Tissue Bank clinical research and development project: request for 22 APR 1958 Permission to use human volunteers in Bureau of Medicine and Surgery Project NM 18 03 11 Subtask 6; request for (Secure absence of muscular tone by short-term total relaxation with succinylcholine) 06 JUN 1958 Authorization for use of radioisotopes on human volunteers; request for 26 JUN 1958 Authorization for use of radioisotopes on volunteers, request for by Commanding Officer, U. S. Naval Radiological Defense Laboratory 29 JUN 1958 Authorization for use of radioisotopes on volunteers, request for by

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09 OCT 1958 Underwater Tests Simulating Escape from Sinking Aircraft; request for permission to use human subjects 29 OCT 1958 Permission to use human subjects to conduct shipboard tests with safetytype hydraulic fluids; request for 26 NOV 1958 LTR to Miss Githen (Navy care of experimental research animals) 23 DEC 1958 Permission to Exposure Volunteers to Bacteriophage 11 JAN 1960 Project MR 005.12-0007.2, TED ADC AE-1411, Test and Development of Anti Blackout Equipment, Permission to use of Human Subjects in Connection with; request for 09 AUG 1960 Experimentation on Personnel under Various Environments; request for extension of permission for 03 OCT 1960 Utilization of naval personnel in Melioidosis Vaccine Study 13 OCT 1960 Shelter Occupancy Tests; information concerning 03 JAN 1961 Permission to use Navy and Marine Corps Volunteers for Aerial Pickup Tests and a Public Demonstration; request for 08 MAY 1961 Skin absorption studies of tagged triaryl phosphate hydraulic fluid, at the USNH Bethesda, Md.; use of volunteers, request for authorization for 05 AUG 1961 Experimentation on Personnel Under Various Environments; request for extension of permission for 15 NOV 1961 Authorization to use human volunteers as subjects for study of the effects of vibration; request for 09 DEC 1961 Authorization to use Human Volunteers as Subjects for the Study of the Environmental Effects of Shelters; request for 02 FEB 1962 Human volunteers for shock tests; permission to use for personnel 30 JUL 1962 Bone Marrow donors; request for permission to solicit and to reimburse in connection with Research Project 17 AUG 1962 Permission to use naval personnel as subjects in prolonged exposure to pressure; request for

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3 1 AUG 1962 Experimental studies of a medical nature involving persons in the Naval Establishment (Validation of specifications for the construction of manned 21 SEP 1962 Project AMAL 012-AE13-15--The Effect of Positive Pressure Breathing on Arterial Oxygen Saturation and Pulmonary Ventilation in Subjects Exposed to High Transverse Acceleration, Permission for Use of Human Subjects in Connection with; request for 04 OCT 1962 Authorization for Use of Radioisotopes in Human Subjects; request for (Total of two reports with same date) 08 OCT 1962 Experimental Studies of a Medical Nature Involving Persons in the Naval Establishment (Working Group on Gaseous Environments of the Man in Space Committee of the National Research Council) 17 DEC 1962 Authorization to use human volunteers as subjects for the study of the environmental effects of shelters; request for 23 JAN 1963 Authorization to use human volunteers as subjects for study of small groups in isolation; request for 11 MAR 1963 Authority to Utilize Navy Personnel in a Coccidioidomycosis Vaccine 18 MAR 1963 Project MRO05.13-0005.7, "Effects of Periods of Reduced Proprioceptive Stimulation by Water Immersion," Permission for Use of Human Subjects in Connection with Experimental studies of a medical nature involving persons in the Naval Establishment; request for consideration and recommendation on (Wound Experimental studies of a medical nature involving naval establishment personnel; information concerning (ACEL vertical ejection tower) Department of Welfare and Institutions (Prison volunteer issue) Experimental studies of a medical nature involving persons in the Naval Establishment (Air crew equipment studies)

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23 AUG 1963 Experimental studies of a medical nature involving persons in the Naval Establishment (Peripheral Vision and 100% Oxygen) 16 DEC 1963 Use of human volunteers (military personnel) in field tests of acute respiratory disease prophylactic vaccines; request for permission for 20 DEC 1963 Utilization of Naval and civilian shipyard workers in a proposed research program on the effects of occupational inhalation exposures to industrial fumes, vapors and airborne ducts 24 DEC 1963 Authorization for use of monetary awards as incentives in experimental studies of human behavior; request for 02 JAN 1964 Advisory Group to the Assistant Secretary of the Navy (Research and Development) on Laboratory Matters; Establishment of 21 JAN 1964 Permission to enter research project with San Diego Hearing Society; 28 FEB 1964 Approval to conduct portable recompression chamber tests utilizing human subjects; request for 16 APR 1964 Approval to conduct tests utilizing human subjects to determine effect of breathing 95-100% pure oxygen at one atmosphere for periods of two hours of less on peripheral vision of dark-adapted subjects; request for 3 1 JUL 1964 Experimental Studies on Volunteer Patients (Monitor dilatation of the cervix in labor) 08 SEP 1964 Permission to use naval personnel as subjects in developing a modified method of treating serious cases of decompression sickness; request for 16 SEP 1964 Experimental studies of a medical nature involving persons in the Naval 16 OCT 1964 Experimental studies of a medical nature involving persons in the Naval Establishment (Physiological effects of prolonged habitation of simulated 09 NOV 1964 Research proposal phase including experimental studies of a medical nature involving persons in the naval establishment to determine the effect on peripheral vision of the dark-adapted eye by breathing 100% oxygen under pressure; request for approval of

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10 DEC 1964 Authorization to use human volunteers as subjects for study of effects of hypoxia on the visual field; forwarding of 11 DEC 1964 Use of military personnel as subjects for NASA water-cooled suit project; recommendation for approval of 23 DEC 1964 Approval of Research Proposal "Studies on the Use of Live Adenovirus Vaccines in Recruits; request for 23 FEB 1965 Authorization to use human volunteers for a study of the conditioning characteristics of the personality trait disturbances; request for 24 FEB 1965 Research Project "Distribution of Pulmonary Blood Flow under Acceleration", permission to use human subjects in connection with; 17 MAR 1965 Research Project "Autonomic Labyrinthine Response to Acceleration," permission for use of Human Subjects in Connection with; request for 22 APR 1965 Human subjects in research projects; request for approval to use 23 APR 1965 Flash blindness Research Project, Permission for Use of Human Subjects in Connection with; request for 02 JUN 1965 Flash blindness Research Project, Permission for Use of Human Subjects in Connection with; request for 12 JUL 1965 Research Project "Effects of Severe Air Turbulence Upon Pilot Performance, I' permission for use of human subjects; request for 21 JUL 1965 Personnel selection for subjects for SEALAB 11, "Human Exposure to the 20 AUG 1965 Experimental studies of a medical nature involving persons in the Naval Establishment (Physiological effects of breathing mixtures of oxygen and an inert gas on the incidence of bends following decompression) 23 AUG 1965 Retinal Photography Project, Permission to Use of Human Subjects in Connection with; request for 2 1 SEP 1965 Experimental studies of a medical nature involving persons in the Naval Establishment [Life support system for the Manned Orbital Laboratory

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22 SEP 1965 Authorization to use human volunteers for a research study entitled, "Effects of Prednisolone on Thermal Sensitivity of Restored Human 05 OCT 1965 Research Project, "The Effects of Heat and Cold on Living Mammalian Tissues", permission for use of human subjects; request for 11 OCT 1965 Authorization to use Human Volunteers for "Prediction of susceptibility to auditory fatigue"; request for 14 OCT 1965 Request for permission to use human volunteers (Adenovirus vaccine in Marine Corps recruits) 14 OCT 1965 Authorization to use the suture electrode technique of bioelectric recording upon human volunteers; request for 04 NOV 1965 Experimental Studies of a Medical nature involving persons in the Naval Establishment; request for approval of (Study of incidence of atelectasis) 14 DEC 1965 Approval for use of Human Volunteer Subjects to evaluate Effectiveness of Modified Pressure Jerkin; request for 11 JAN 1966 Advisory Group to the Assistant Secretary of the Navy (Research and Development) on Laboratory Matters; establishment of 25 FEB 1966 Spin Simulation Research Project, permission for use of human subjects in connection with; request for 13 APR 1966 Acceleration Research Project, Permission for Use of Human Subjects in connection with; request for 2 1 JUN 1966 Human subjects in research work unit; request for permission to use (Effect of certain drugs on auditory watch standing at Naval Submarine Medical Center, Naval Submarine Base New London) 13 JlJL 1966 Research concerning flash blindness produced by stimulation of the full visual field, permission for use of human subjects in …