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ARMED FORCES SPECIAL WEAPONS PROJECT SUBjFCT: Program and Funding Apprwal f o r Operatlon HARDTACK (U) TO: AEsistanz Secretary of Defense 1. Reference is made t o : a. Secret Memorandum to Chief. AFSW, file Log No. 57-1801,ASD and attached memorandum from Mr.Qu arles,dated 11 June 1957. b.Confidential Memorandum for Chief of Staff, 'JSAF', Chief of Staff, USA and Chief, AFSWP, from ASD(R&E), da%ed 6hly 1977, subject: 2 . The Assistant Sec rer ary of Defense (Research and Engineering), by reference l.a., approved the "reduced" Weapons Effects Program for Operation HARDTACK, insofar as the technical aspects of the program were concerned, and the AFSW programmed R&D funds i n an amount not t o exceed $18,970,000 were appr wed subJect to legislative action on the FY 1958 budget. The VHA' event was approved l a t e r by ?-eIererd?x L.b. InasIuvch as the n:s;or tests have been submitted sep a rst ely snd were affected by the reauction and subsequent addition of VIAq,a eonsolidated Weapons Effects Program, Operation IIARDTACK, has been prepared (Inclosure 1) vhich refleczs the currently approved propam. 3. The re auction in the wderwater tests tag been coordinated with the Navy and assurance received. that expend it we of Navy funds i n the amaunr, of $10,400,000 for the underwater ~ ro. ~ a mvlll not. be exceeded. The Air Force proposal for test lng Reinforced Concrew Slabs has been incLuded i n accordance with the conaideratLons presented at the 23 May 1957 meeting of the Coordinating Committee on Atmic Energy. following testa were not included inthe approved prugpam:
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14. ?,s indicated in inclosure 1, the total ATWP RP9 cost fstmats for the consolidated WD Weapons Effects Program 1 s $18?970,000. cost,hst n but ed by special test effort,is as follows : (consisting of two underwater detonations) c Xtomic Depth Bomb Weapons Z ff ect s Tesz ?unds available to the kr'SdP, ificluding the funds requested Inthe AFS'JF FY inthe amount shown above. The AFSWP is proceeding t o imrrlexnt the technical projects within the scope and costs outlined in the in clc s wE. 5 , In reqard tothe 0&M funds, there is a deficit of $ 3,65C..CO @ ir. the funds -re.iuested inthe FY 58 budget. (Itis understood that yair 3Cfice I s taking the Fecessary action t3 secure the deficit funds.) 6 , It is recommended that distribution of the ~ zclo ? u r = be mde to mation and the Services be informed of the ceilings on thei; %zper.utwes. Weapons Effects Program,
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TABLE OF CO WENT S SUMMARY OF ALL FUNDS .............. VI TEST OF SERVICE EQUIF’MEXT AND MATERIAL? VI11 THERMAL RADIATION AND EFFECTS.....
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WING SUMMARY BY SPECIAL TEST * This designation is used to identify individual projects in Funding Column of program cutline.
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FUNDING SUMMARY BY TECHNICAL PROGRAM f o r eech of the tbree REEMNE nisslles. The more precise cost of $1,210,000 each missile is used in t h i s summary.
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Project Short Title AFSWF Brief of No. Sponsor Agency (Service)Project 1.1 Underwater Pressure $ 59,OOO (ADB) TO measure undervater preesures Measurements (800,OOO) as a hc tion of distance, E N NOL applied to determine lethal depth and time. and safe delivery ranges for submerged and surface vessels. Project will participate in both the Little Wigwam and Percolator shots and will provide free field input data for the target response Data will be 1.2 Air Blast Measure- 472,500 (ADB) The objective of this project ments for Underwater ( 625,000) is t o measure blast pressure Shots i n air as a function of dis - tance, altitude, and time. USN NOL The data will be utilized in the developnent of air delivery techniques for ASW weapons. Project will participate in the Little Wigwam shot Using balloon supported air blast gages and in the Percolator shot using balloon supported gages, rocket elevated parachute gages and smoke trail shock photography. Cost of phot oQaphy included in 9.4. c .
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Project Short Title mw Brief of No. Sponsor Agency (Service) Pro jeer 1 e 3 Surf ace Phenomena $ 30,000 (ADB) 1.5 Free Field Pressure 400,000 (ADB) To measure t h e formation growth and dissipation of slicks, spray domes, water columns, plumes, and base swge. Apply the rpsults t o deteraine i f phenmena can be predicted for other burst geometries. Project will participate in both the Little Wigwam and Percolator shots. me primsry face and airborne photography; Cost of a minimum photographic To measure crater parameters frm development or special sw face bursts and t o correlate the data obtained with rkat already available in order t o more firmly establi sh the capability of predicting craze rs from large yield surface burst weapons. techniques will be employed. To obtain free field underWater pressure records a s a function of distance, depth snd time for Little Wigwam shot only. Measurements Xill be made of effect of underpressure histories in order t o theory under deep water conditions e Project will also provsde free field input data f o r the tsrge:t response
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Fro ject Short TLtle AFSWP Brief of (0) tion mechanisms and t o examine the terminal effect; of waves. Project all participate i n both un cie mter Fnots using pr wi o us iy deveioped t.echfpee fl eid air blast ckca. To obtain sir blast bt a from burst eonciitions on which blast measurements have not previuusly been made. Self - reeording blast gages will To dPrePrmr,e tne ahrenuation of a i r induced gromd shock motion 6s a functlon of depth motion a5 a function of & i s - burst and t o a?teImme the motion of heavy concrete planned on a low end a high yield deveiopment shot. will be used.
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SLAST ANT SHOCK MEASUREMENTS 1 .? Underqound Loading $ 150,000 (SP) To det eml ne the relationship Under High Yrelds (0) besween ve rtica i and horiAFSWC U/ILLINOIS pressures and to oh rain for zontal a i r indated ground air induced ground pressures the relation between dry and saturated soil. "Drum" Soil pressure measurement devices will be employed on both low yield and high yield. Levelop555,000 (VHA) To obtain ocerpressure versus stations Srom the dp+mation jecm asiocisted dith the VKA (0) time measurements at five
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XUUCLEAR RADIATION AND EFFECTS No. Sponsor Agency (service) Project Short Title AFSWP To deterrmne gamma rz di ation dose and dose rate time Mst orz es on deck and i n compartments of t arge z Le-stroyers. This 8ata reeded fop operational analysis and -.ompaPison of ? reacted with measured dose rate histories af ser completion of the project,. Skiff moorlng compartments from ingress of and/or w & u it ion air systems. mi ufStr1b:JTiOn of airborne a d ;mail laboratcry an Mals. :o measure total y mna dose vs time a*, sel re ted locations in x der to predict, The total gamma exposur5 field. To differentiate these loc at lox the " initial " or very early gamma dose, the fa?.? ihld transit gamma dose, and the residual gamnra dose. To obt.cin limited samples of a DE 93 3.n aid in interpreting ikfor procurement and placeam: of skiff a.
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Project Short Title AFSW Rrief of Measurements (0) neasurements will be obtained oa megaton events ~ r lr el at iv ely Informarion will bz obtained on neutron attenuation with of measwing demces will be :oordinawd with stations of the Ganrma Gose Rate and T@ttal 2 - 5 Gamma Dose Rate Y4,OoO (SP) amm ma do..:+ rate ana t g t a l ganuua and Total Gamma Dose (0) dose will be cie ted ned for megaton weepons at several close distances This project will we same positlolls as flux. Is st true nt atl on will be kimi hz ' to that wed on
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IIUCLEAR RADIATION AM) EFFECTS-- Project Short Title AFSW 95ef of NO. Sponsor Agency (Service) Project of a 2 hT weapon a t ?2,000 feet. an mgnet,lt tape and subsequently talemetered to a ship based
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ProJect Shon Title AFSW Brief af 3 * 2 Test of Flexible 3.3 Shock Studies of To simulate the shock wave from an undewnter atomic explosion 5y xse of 5haped HE ciar ges in mzntts for the FLU stale bests, m d t,o meek OUT; In ?if all scale rest to detrmme It2 adequacy full smle detonaxions Froject prior tome f'ull sea le tests Instrumented destroyer target ~ To determine fail - me criteria of mdergmmd corrugated steel mches and pipes under long p~essurer+gion up to 200 psi; depend on & mil able terrain in t h e viclni:y of development studieF of maenincry response m d one s-.mmrine will be exposed cn Little Wigvam. DetePmfnatmn will be made of conditions 011 a Liberty Ship in Little Wigwam. The three DDts nu.a lso be exposed i n
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Project Short Title AFSWP Brief of 3.4 Loading and Basic $1,051,000 (ADB) To dete-mlne h u l l response of Target Response for (89,000) three DD's in the Little WigSurface Ships warn and Percolator evcnta. To cheek adequacy of project 3.1 USN UERD methods for deterrmnmg delivery ranges for other shot geometries. A de tem n atl on will be made of the lethal range for liberty ships by obtainlng data inthe quasi - lethal range on Little Wigwam e-rent-. Relate target response TO free field pressures and loading. Project fmds To determine the lethal hull - splitting redi usl or mbbmarine In shallo-J water by :Yu&y of a Squaw tap get in she Percolator hull damage to a submerged In order t o extend -.he rzsults 13 ~ esp on r ihl rf o r pnotography
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STRUCTURES AND EQUIP rn Project Short Title AFSWP Brief of No. Sponsor Agency (Service) Project 3.6 Behavior of Deep Slabs Under Blast .Exposure of a ii der of 6eep reinforced concrete ? labs to air blast loading i n order t o a ott mine the ch rae teri a tic kehevior.. Righeas possible >last los b ng will be obtained a s 1argesT po ssl ble yields. reinforcement will be v-sried. a large mom% of reinforced To record damage to existing Enivetok Proving Ground -,hot, Fxamlnarion of the. test technic s1 and engineering sumep on target ahips and
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Project Short Title IiFSVP No. Sponsor Agency (Se1-i.1.:) Durznq Nuclear ( 25 s 000) cf an elaetro-mechanical device In a-dalls5lr sirbomc aircraft LEAF ijm r-111v emdlv - c e end grre sdbt o aeteraune its pot?n+,lal as
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Project Shor c Title .4F%F Yo. Sponsor Agency (Service) 5*? Weapons Effects on Determination 1s t o be made rc verify delivery capability o f the aircraft for mdt ipl s delivery tz c tics.Appr or hat ely be wed to record the inputs t o and response 3f the air-' will he mads of tiasc. Fist and
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ho j ect Short Title AFSW posit i cx nz system to control UH A aircraft ct ili ~ a das purpose in con jim c tion with
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Project Short Title A7SdP Brief et Dete rmim tion Three y tat ions : x at edf mn netic pulse res u is ii g :rex a nuclear detonation. :,lide band obtained will ‘>e dnaljjsza as neasurements will he obtained (X-band) will used to ing from nuclEar de to nac ions, Measuremnts m de will Le will bi. urAiizzd t o deterrune Lhe heighr, ana horizontal dimen5ior.s of stabilize c cloud shots of l-ari-1is yields.
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Project Short Title AFWP Briei of and Mine Reaction (0) which n anim he s will be atomic burst, The primary effect, will be activation (100,0@0) amplitude, duration and extent of the az tua ting and mp.e,ic) which will be generated atthe sea bottom by the explosion of the Percolator device. To determine t h e reaction of mines t o such influence at wrrious distances. era phic ?% quiremen t s ~ Kusa;? Is i and s50 measure The extent, o C the x no sph eric d is tui b aiz ; . cI'-ated t y the
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i n the Operational (0) $00 feet ana 25 miles from AFSdP AFCRC z ation ana ext eat of ionosph eric disturbance created by detonation of two TN 000 feet), After the shots, the a irc raf ? will bs flown towards grovnd zmoa
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Project Short Title AFSW? ,o evaiuare laboratory methods of determinlnq thermai damage to mt,eri a is.Xe follow i fig thermal effects with weapons irradiation an3 (2) fe a sibi li k : of askin simulant for predic ting burn cas u il ties. Ikta will be obtained on a megaton burst and on one bwst 3f' afew To measure thermal radiation characteristics of r xi ear on UFA ana .m" craft flying at aoproximateiy LO,o09 fret equinped with oe used. 11;a dd it ion to the documented by identical in s tru - T: cjbtain high speed technical photographic coverage of nuclear
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No. Sponsor Agency (Service) P.1 General Support .$ 1,3111,000 To provide t h e following for Frograms I (0) coverace a sex im ted for t o be shared with AE e,. Cther Field Operatin and fabrication of I
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Project Short Ti tie A FW Brief of Eo ~ Snonsor A eencv i Servic e 1 Pro j e :i 0.2 '"3l;T'D n f the missiles and later data reduction atan estimated cost of $2,1171,EOO t o AFSWP &I) Funds. The missiles will be furnished by the Service a t an esti - nated Service Cost of b. Overall augmentation of t h e UHA program 7-0 extend it i n all its aspe.zt5 t o include WAD. $&00,000 o f Air Force BAD funds areto be made availzble to AFSIiP for this 9.11 General Support $ 2,100,000 To Provide the following supportfor A II B Tests a , SQUAW Target Rehabilitation I... Target Mooring by BUSH IE Navy from non-IZPJ) funds). and photo towers ($1150,000) Timing Signals and field e, Other services such as
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